/* ============================================================
   Build Journal — content-magazine theme (homebuilding.co.uk style)
   Open Sans body + Oswald display. Deep emerald accent.
   ============================================================ */
:root{
  --accent:#0A7D55;
  --accent-dark:#075E3F;
  --ink:#15181c;
  --ink-soft:#3f474e;
  --muted:#6b7280;
  --muted-2:#8a929b;
  --line:#e4e7e9;
  --line-soft:#eef0f1;
  --bg:#ffffff;
  --bg-tint:#f6f8f7;
  --accent-tint:#e9f4ef;
  --accent-tint-2:#f1f8f4;
  --maxw:1200px;
  --gap:24px;
  --radius:3px;
  --shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(16,24,20,.06),0 6px 18px rgba(16,24,20,.05);
  --sans:"Open Sans","Open Sans-fallback",-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Roboto,Arial,sans-serif;
  --display:"Oswald","Oswald-fallback","Open Sans",Arial,sans-serif;
}

*,*::before,*::after{box-sizing:border-box}
html{-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}
body{
  margin:0;
  font-family:var(--sans);
  font-size:16px;
  line-height:1.6;
  color:var(--ink);
  background:var(--bg);
  -webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;
}
img{max-width:100%;display:block}
a{color:var(--accent-dark);text-decoration:none}
a:hover{text-decoration:underline}
h1,h2,h3,h4{margin:0;line-height:1.18;color:var(--ink)}

.container{max-width:var(--maxw);margin:0 auto;padding:0 20px;width:100%}

.visually-hidden{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;padding:0;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);white-space:nowrap;border:0}

.skip-link{
  position:absolute;left:-999px;top:0;z-index:200;
  background:var(--accent-dark);color:#fff;padding:10px 16px;font-weight:700;border-radius:0 0 4px 0;
}
.skip-link:focus{left:0}

/* ---------- top utility bar ---------- */
.topbar{background:var(--ink);color:#cdd3d0;font-size:12px}
.topbar-inner{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;min-height:34px;gap:16px}
.topbar-tag{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:500;letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:11.5px;color:#aeb6b1;white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}
.topbar-sub{color:#eafff5;font-weight:600;white-space:nowrap}
.topbar-sub:hover{color:#fff;text-decoration:none}

/* ---------- masthead ---------- */
.masthead{background:var(--bg);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);position:sticky;top:0;z-index:90}
.masthead-inner{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:16px;min-height:74px}
.brand{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:11px;color:var(--ink);text-decoration:none}
.brand:hover{text-decoration:none}
.brand svg,.brand img{width:34px;height:34px;display:block}
.brand-word{
  font-family:var(--display);font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase;
  letter-spacing:.005em;line-height:1;font-size:30px;color:var(--ink);
}
.brand-tagline{
  font-family:var(--sans);font-size:12.5px;color:var(--muted);
  border-left:1px solid var(--line);padding-left:16px;margin-left:4px;
  max-width:260px;line-height:1.35;
}
.subscribe{
  margin-left:auto;
  font-family:var(--display);font-weight:600;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.05em;
  font-size:13px;color:#fff;background:var(--accent);
  padding:10px 20px;border-radius:var(--radius);white-space:nowrap;
}
.subscribe:hover{background:var(--accent-dark);text-decoration:none}

/* ---------- primary nav bar ---------- */
.primary-nav{background:var(--accent-dark)}
.primary-nav-inner{display:flex;align-items:stretch;gap:0;flex-wrap:wrap}
.primary-nav a{
  font-family:var(--display);font-weight:500;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.045em;
  font-size:13.5px;color:#e6f3ec;padding:13px 16px;line-height:1;
  display:inline-flex;align-items:center;border-bottom:3px solid transparent;
}
.primary-nav a:hover{background:rgba(255,255,255,.08);color:#fff;text-decoration:none;border-bottom-color:rgba(255,255,255,.55)}
.primary-nav .nav-home{font-weight:700}

/* ---------- mobile menu (CSS only) ---------- */
.nav-toggle{position:absolute;opacity:0;pointer-events:none}
.burger{display:none;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;gap:5px;width:42px;height:42px;cursor:pointer;margin-left:-8px}
.burger span{display:block;height:2.5px;width:24px;background:var(--ink);border-radius:2px;transition:.2s}
.nav-scrim{display:none;position:fixed;inset:0;background:rgba(15,20,18,.5);z-index:110}
.drawer{
  position:fixed;top:0;left:0;height:100%;width:300px;max-width:84vw;
  background:#fff;z-index:120;transform:translateX(-100%);transition:transform .26s ease;
  box-shadow:0 0 40px rgba(0,0,0,.25);overflow-y:auto;
}
.drawer-head{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;padding:18px 20px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);background:var(--accent-dark)}
.drawer-title{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase;color:#fff;font-size:20px;letter-spacing:.01em}
.drawer-close{font-size:30px;line-height:1;color:#fff;cursor:pointer;padding:0 4px}
.drawer-nav{display:flex;flex-direction:column;padding:8px 0}
.drawer-nav a{
  font-family:var(--display);font-weight:500;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.03em;
  font-size:15px;color:var(--ink);padding:13px 22px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line-soft);
}
.drawer-nav a:hover{background:var(--accent-tint);color:var(--accent-dark);text-decoration:none}
.drawer-sub{margin-top:10px;color:#fff !important;background:var(--accent);border-bottom:none !important;text-align:center;border-radius:var(--radius);margin:12px 22px}
.drawer-sub:hover{background:var(--accent-dark) !important}
#nav-toggle:checked ~ .nav-scrim{display:block}
#nav-toggle:checked ~ .drawer{transform:translateX(0)}

/* ============================================================
   FEATURED HERO  (.lead / .lead-feature)
   ============================================================ */
.lead{padding:30px 0 8px}
.lead-feature{
  display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.85fr 1fr;gap:34px;align-items:start;
  border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding-bottom:30px;
}
.lead-media{
  position:relative;display:block;aspect-ratio:16/9;overflow:hidden;border-radius:var(--radius);
  background:var(--accent-tint);
}
.lead-media img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;transition:transform .4s ease}
.lead-feature > a.lead-media:hover img{transform:scale(1.03)}
.lead-body{padding-top:18px}
.lead .kicker{margin-bottom:12px}
.lead-title{
  font-family:var(--display);font-weight:700;line-height:1.08;letter-spacing:-.01em;
  font-size:clamp(28px,3.6vw,46px);margin:0 0 14px;
}
.lead-title a{color:var(--ink)}
.lead-title a:hover{color:var(--accent-dark);text-decoration:none}
.lead-dek{font-size:18px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--ink-soft);margin:0 0 18px;max-width:60ch}
.lead-readmore{
  display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;
  font-family:var(--display);font-weight:600;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.05em;font-size:13.5px;
  color:var(--accent-dark);
}
.lead-readmore::after{content:"\2192";font-size:16px;transition:transform .2s}
.lead-readmore:hover{text-decoration:none}
.lead-readmore:hover::after{transform:translateX(4px)}

/* secondary headline rail */
.lead-rail{border-left:1px solid var(--line);padding-left:28px}
.rail-title{
  font-family:var(--display);font-weight:600;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.06em;
  font-size:14px;color:var(--ink);padding-bottom:10px;margin-bottom:6px;border-bottom:2px solid var(--accent);
  display:inline-block;
}
.rail-list{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}
.rail-item{padding:15px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line-soft)}
.rail-item:last-child{border-bottom:none;padding-bottom:0}
.rail-link{display:grid;grid-template-columns:74px 1fr;gap:14px;align-items:center;color:var(--ink)}
.rail-link:hover{text-decoration:none}
.rail-thumb{
  width:74px;height:56px;object-fit:cover;border-radius:var(--radius);background:var(--accent-tint);display:block;
}
.rail-headline{
  font-family:var(--display);font-weight:500;line-height:1.18;font-size:16px;color:var(--ink);
}
.rail-link:hover .rail-headline{color:var(--accent-dark)}

/* ============================================================
   CATEGORY SECTIONS + CARD GRID
   ============================================================ */
.section{padding:34px 0 8px}
.section + .section{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:32px}
.section-title{
  font-family:var(--display);font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.01em;
  font-size:23px;color:var(--ink);margin:0 0 20px;
  display:flex;align-items:baseline;gap:14px;
  position:relative;padding-bottom:12px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);
}
.section-title::before{
  content:"";position:absolute;left:0;bottom:-1px;width:60px;height:3px;background:var(--accent);
}
.section-title .section-more{
  margin-left:auto;font-size:12.5px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.05em;color:var(--accent-dark);
}
.section-title .section-more:hover{text-decoration:underline}

.card-grid{
  display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:var(--gap) 26px;
}
.card-grid--3{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}

.card{display:flex;flex-direction:column;background:var(--bg)}
.card-media{
  position:relative;display:block;aspect-ratio:16/10;overflow:hidden;border-radius:var(--radius);
  background:var(--accent-tint);margin-bottom:12px;
}
.card-media img,.thumb-img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;display:block;transition:transform .4s ease}
.card:hover .thumb-img{transform:scale(1.04)}

/* intentional empty-thumbnail block with brand mark */
.thumb-fallback{
  width:100%;height:100%;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;
  background:
    linear-gradient(135deg,var(--accent-tint) 0%,var(--accent-tint-2) 100%);
  position:relative;color:var(--accent);
}
.thumb-fallback::before{
  content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;
  background-image:
    linear-gradient(var(--accent) 1px,transparent 1px),
    linear-gradient(90deg,var(--accent) 1px,transparent 1px);
  background-size:22px 22px;opacity:.06;
}
.thumb-fallback::after{
  content:"BJ";position:relative;font-family:var(--display);font-weight:700;
  font-size:34px;letter-spacing:.02em;color:var(--accent);opacity:.6;
  border:2px solid currentColor;border-radius:4px;padding:6px 12px;line-height:1;
}

.card-body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:7px}
.card-title{
  font-family:var(--display);font-weight:600;line-height:1.18;letter-spacing:0;
  font-size:18px;margin:2px 0 0;
}
.card-title a{color:var(--ink)}
.card-title a:hover{color:var(--accent-dark);text-decoration:none}
.card-dek{font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--ink-soft);margin:0}
.card-meta{
  font-size:11.5px;color:var(--muted);font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.03em;
  text-transform:uppercase;margin-top:2px;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:8px;
}
.card-meta .dot{color:var(--line);font-weight:400}

/* category KICKER label */
.kicker{
  font-family:var(--display);font-weight:600;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.07em;
  font-size:11.5px;color:var(--accent-dark);display:inline-block;line-height:1;
}
.card .kicker{margin-bottom:1px}
.kicker--solid{background:var(--accent);color:#fff;padding:4px 8px;border-radius:2px}

/* ============================================================
   BREADCRUMB
   ============================================================ */
.breadcrumb{
  font-size:12.5px;color:var(--muted);padding:16px 0 0;
  font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.02em;text-transform:uppercase;
}
.breadcrumb a{color:var(--muted)}
.breadcrumb a:hover{color:var(--accent-dark)}
.breadcrumb span,.breadcrumb a + a::before{margin:0 8px;color:var(--line)}
.breadcrumb .sep::before{content:"\203A";margin:0 8px;color:var(--muted-2)}

/* ============================================================
   ARTICLE / TOOL PAGE
   ============================================================ */
.article{max-width:760px;margin:0 auto;padding:8px 0 40px}
.article-head{padding:18px 0 22px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);margin-bottom:26px}
.article-head .kicker{margin-bottom:14px}
.article-title{
  font-family:var(--display);font-weight:700;line-height:1.1;letter-spacing:-.01em;
  font-size:clamp(30px,4.4vw,46px);margin:0 0 16px;
}
.article-dek{font-size:20px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--ink-soft);margin:0 0 20px}
.article-meta{
  display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:9px;
  font-size:13px;color:var(--muted);
}
.byline{font-weight:700;color:var(--ink)}
.dot{color:var(--line);font-weight:400}
.article-meta .dot{padding:0 1px}

.article-hero{
  margin:0 0 28px;border-radius:var(--radius);overflow:hidden;background:var(--accent-tint);
  aspect-ratio:16/9;
}
.article-hero img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover}
.article-hero figcaption,.article-hero .cap{
  font-size:12.5px;color:var(--muted);padding:8px 2px 0;background:#fff;
}

/* prose / article body */
.article-body,.prose{font-size:17.5px;line-height:1.72;color:var(--ink-soft)}
.prose > *:first-child{margin-top:0}
.prose h2{
  font-family:var(--display);font-weight:700;font-size:27px;line-height:1.2;color:var(--ink);
  margin:42px 0 14px;padding-top:6px;
}
.prose h3{
  font-family:var(--display);font-weight:600;font-size:21px;line-height:1.25;color:var(--ink);
  margin:30px 0 10px;
}
.prose p{margin:0 0 18px}
.prose a{color:var(--accent-dark);text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:1px;text-underline-offset:2px;font-weight:600}
.prose a:hover{color:var(--accent)}
.prose ul,.prose ol{margin:0 0 20px;padding-left:24px}
.prose li{margin:0 0 8px}
.prose ul li::marker{color:var(--accent)}
.prose ol li::marker{color:var(--accent-dark);font-weight:700}
.prose blockquote{
  margin:26px 0;padding:6px 0 6px 22px;border-left:4px solid var(--accent);
  font-size:21px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--ink);font-style:normal;font-weight:600;
  font-family:var(--display);
}
.prose code{
  font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.88em;
  background:var(--bg-tint);border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:3px;padding:.12em .4em;color:var(--accent-dark);
}
.prose pre{background:var(--ink);color:#e6f3ec;padding:16px 18px;border-radius:var(--radius);overflow:auto;font-size:14px;margin:0 0 22px}
.prose pre code{background:none;border:none;color:inherit;padding:0}
.prose table{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;margin:24px 0;font-size:15px}
.prose th,.prose td{border:1px solid var(--line);padding:10px 13px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top}
.prose th{
  background:var(--accent-tint);color:var(--ink);font-weight:700;
  font-family:var(--display);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.03em;font-size:13px;
}
.prose tbody tr:nth-child(even) td{background:var(--bg-tint)}
.prose img{border-radius:var(--radius);margin:24px 0;border:1px solid var(--line)}
.prose hr{border:none;border-top:1px solid var(--line);margin:32px 0}

/* ============================================================
   HUB PAGE HEAD
   ============================================================ */
.hub-head{
  border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:26px 0 24px;margin-bottom:8px;
  background:linear-gradient(180deg,var(--accent-tint-2),#fff);
}
.hub-head .eyebrow{margin-bottom:10px}
.hub-head h1{
  font-family:var(--display);font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0;
  font-size:clamp(28px,4vw,42px);line-height:1.08;margin:0 0 12px;
}
.hub-head .article-dek,.hub-head .hub-dek{font-size:18px;color:var(--ink-soft);max-width:70ch;margin:0}
.eyebrow{
  font-family:var(--display);font-weight:600;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.08em;
  font-size:12.5px;color:var(--accent-dark);
}

/* ============================================================
   RELATED
   ============================================================ */
.related{border-top:1px solid var(--line);margin-top:40px;padding-top:28px}
.related .section-title{font-size:20px}

/* ============================================================
   NEWSLETTER
   ============================================================ */
.newsletter{background:var(--accent-dark);color:#eafff5;margin-top:48px}
.newsletter-inner{
  display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.3fr 1fr;gap:34px;align-items:center;padding:42px 20px;
}
.newsletter .eyebrow{color:#9fe7c8;margin-bottom:10px}
.newsletter-title{
  font-family:var(--display);font-weight:700;color:#fff;font-size:clamp(24px,3vw,34px);
  line-height:1.12;margin:0 0 10px;
}
.newsletter-blurb{color:#cdeada;font-size:16px;margin:0;max-width:52ch}
.newsletter-form{display:flex;gap:10px;flex-wrap:wrap}
.newsletter-form input[type=email]{
  flex:1 1 220px;min-width:0;padding:14px 16px;border:1px solid transparent;border-radius:var(--radius);
  font-family:var(--sans);font-size:15px;color:var(--ink);background:#fff;
}
.newsletter-form input[type=email]:focus{outline:3px solid #9fe7c8;outline-offset:1px}
.newsletter-form button{
  padding:14px 26px;border:none;border-radius:var(--radius);cursor:pointer;background:var(--accent);color:#fff;
  font-family:var(--display);font-weight:600;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.05em;font-size:14px;
}
.newsletter-form button:hover{background:#0c9163}

/* ============================================================
   FOOTER
   ============================================================ */
.site-footer{background:var(--ink);color:#aeb6b1;font-size:14px;padding:46px 0 26px}
.footer-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr 1fr;gap:34px;padding-bottom:30px;border-bottom:1px solid #2a2f33}
.brand--footer .brand-word{color:#fff}
.brand--footer svg,.brand--footer img{filter:none}
.footer-blurb{margin:14px 0 0;color:#9aa19c;max-width:42ch;line-height:1.55}
.footer-parent{margin:12px 0 0;font-size:13px;color:#7f8782}
.footer-head{
  font-family:var(--display);font-weight:600;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.06em;
  font-size:14px;color:#fff;margin:0 0 14px;
}
.footer-col ul{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}
.footer-col li{margin:0 0 9px}
.footer-col a{color:#aeb6b1}
.footer-col a:hover{color:#fff;text-decoration:none}
.footer-base{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px 24px;align-items:baseline;padding-top:22px;font-size:12.5px;color:#7f8782}
.footer-base p{margin:0}
.footer-disclaimer{max-width:80ch;line-height:1.5}

/* ============================================================
   RESPONSIVE
   ============================================================ */
@media (max-width:1080px){
  .card-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}
}
@media (max-width:920px){
  .lead-feature{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:24px}
  .lead-rail{border-left:none;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-left:0;padding-top:22px}
  .newsletter-inner{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:22px;padding:34px 20px}
  .footer-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}
}
@media (max-width:760px){
  .primary-nav{display:none}
  .burger{display:flex}
  .brand-tagline{display:none}
  .masthead-inner{min-height:62px}
  .brand-word{font-size:25px}
  .card-grid,.card-grid--3{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);gap:22px 18px}
  .article-title{font-size:30px}
  .topbar-tag{font-size:10.5px}
}
@media (max-width:480px){
  .card-grid,.card-grid--3{grid-template-columns:1fr}
  .lead-title{font-size:27px}
  .footer-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}
  .topbar-tag{display:none}
  .topbar-inner{justify-content:flex-end}
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){
  *{transition:none !important;scroll-behavior:auto !important}
}